Wallets/robinhood
Robinhood
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Overview
Robinhood is the most-used US stock trading app + retail brokerage commission-free pioneer [1, 2, us-cro]. 2026 baseline: 10.8M Robinhood app users (most app users across all stock trading apps); 2018 cryptocurrency trading launch (Bitcoin + Ethereum + Dogecoin + Litecoin); Q2 2021 peak 18.9M monthly active users; Jul 29 2021 NASDAQ IPO ($1.9B raised; HOOD ticker); 2024 Bitstamp $200M acquisition; 2024 The Marathon Group AI futures trading + UK + EU expansion.
Distinctive Robinhood positioning [1, 2, 3]:
- Most app users across all stock trading apps (10.8M users as of 2026)
- US retail brokerage commission-free pioneer (Robinhood launched commission-free trading 2014 → forced industry-wide commission elimination 2019)
- 2018 cryptocurrency trading launch — distinctive US brokerage crypto integration
- Jul 29 2021 NASDAQ IPO ($1.9B raised; HOOD ticker; founder Vlad Tenev + Baiju Bhatt) — distinctive US retail brokerage IPO
- Jan 2021 GameStop short squeeze "PFOF + trading halt" controversy — distinctive US retail brokerage controversy
- 2024 Bitstamp $200M acquisition — distinctive US brokerage crypto exchange acquisition
- 2024 UK + EU expansion — distinctive US brokerage international expansion
History
2013 — Robinhood founded by Vlad Tenev + Baiju Bhatt in Menlo Park, California.
Mar 2015 — Robinhood mobile app launches — distinctive US commission-free retail brokerage pioneer.
Feb 2018 — Robinhood Crypto launches with Bitcoin + Ethereum + Dogecoin + Litecoin support.
Jan 2021 — GameStop short squeeze "PFOF + trading halt" controversy — distinctive US retail brokerage controversy (Robinhood halts buying of GME + AMC + BB + NOK + KOSS).
Jul 29 2021 — NASDAQ IPO ($1.9B raised; HOOD ticker; Q2 2021 peak 18.9M monthly active users) — distinctive US retail brokerage IPO.
2024 — Bitstamp $200M acquisition + UK + EU expansion — distinctive US brokerage crypto + international expansion.
2026: 10.8M Robinhood app users (most app users across all stock trading apps) [2].
Ownership & operator
Operating entity: Robinhood Markets Inc. (NASDAQ: HOOD).
Major shareholders: Vlad Tenev (co-founder) + Baiju Bhatt (co-founder) + DST Global + Index Ventures + NEA + Ribbit Capital + Sequoia Capital + public float.
Regulators: SEC + FINRA + state-level securities regulators + NYDFS (BitLicense for Robinhood Crypto LLC).
Technical integration
Robinhood mobile app (iOS + Android) + robinhood.com online + Robinhood Cash Card (debit card) + Robinhood Retirement (Roth + Traditional IRA + 401(k)) + Robinhood Wallet (self-custody crypto wallet) + Robinhood Gold (subscription tier) + Robinhood Connect; Robinhood Financial LLC (broker-dealer); Robinhood Crypto LLC (NYDFS BitLicense); Bitstamp (post-2024 $200M acquisition) — distinctive Robinhood crypto exchange.
Users & growth
2026: 10.8M Robinhood app users (most app users across all stock trading apps); Q2 2021 peak 18.9M monthly active users; 60%+ active accounts trading cryptocurrency in 2021 with Dogecoin 60%+ of crypto transactions Q2 2021.
Use cases
US (+ UK + EU + Australia) retail commission-free trading: stocks + ETFs + options + cryptocurrencies + Robinhood Cash Card + Robinhood Retirement + Robinhood Wallet (self-custody crypto) + Robinhood Gold subscription tier; distinctive commission-free US retail brokerage pioneer + 2018 crypto integration + 2024 Bitstamp $200M acquisition + 2024 UK + EU expansion.
Implementations & partners
Operator: Robinhood Markets Inc. (NASDAQ: HOOD).
Subsidiaries: Robinhood Financial LLC (broker-dealer) + Robinhood Crypto LLC (NYDFS BitLicense) + Robinhood Money LLC + Bitstamp (post-2024 $200M acquisition) + Robinhood Wallet + Robinhood Securities.
Major US retail brokerage competitors: [[fidelity]] (US #1 by AUM) + [[charles-schwab]] (US #2; post-2020 TD Ameritrade $26B acquisition) + [[etrade]] (Morgan Stanley subsidiary post-2020 $13B acquisition) + [[interactive-brokers]] (IBKR; global commission-free + professional broker) + [[webull]] (US commission-free + Chinese fintech US brokerage post-Apr 11 2025 NASDAQ SPAC listing) + [[m1-finance]] (US automated investing) + [[sofi-invest]] ([[sofi]] investment arm; US neobank + investment) + [[public-com]] (US social investing).
Regulators: SEC + FINRA + state-level + NYDFS (Robinhood Crypto BitLicense).
Fun facts
- Most app users across all stock trading apps (10.8M users as of 2026).
- US retail brokerage commission-free pioneer (Robinhood launched commission-free trading 2014 → forced industry-wide commission elimination 2019).
- 2018 cryptocurrency trading launch — distinctive US brokerage crypto integration.
- Jul 29 2021 NASDAQ IPO ($1.9B raised; HOOD ticker; Q2 2021 peak 18.9M monthly active users).
- Jan 2021 GameStop short squeeze "PFOF + trading halt" controversy — distinctive US retail brokerage controversy.
- 2024 Bitstamp $200M acquisition + 2024 UK + EU expansion — distinctive US brokerage crypto + international expansion.
Comparison
| Feature | Robinhood | [[fidelity]] (US #1 by AUM rival) | [[charles-schwab]] (US #2 post-TD Ameritrade rival) | [[interactive-brokers]] (IBKR global professional broker rival) | [[webull]] (US commission-free + Chinese fintech US brokerage rival) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Operator | Robinhood Markets Inc. (NASDAQ: HOOD) | Fidelity Investments (FMR LLC; Johnson family-owned private) | The Charles Schwab Corporation (NYSE: SCHW) | Interactive Brokers Group Inc. (NASDAQ: IBKR; S&P 500 since Aug 28 2025) | Webull Corporation (NASDAQ: BULL) |
| Type | Most-used US stock trading app + 10.8M users + commission-free pioneer + crypto + Bitstamp + UK + EU expansion | US #1 by AUM ($15+ trillion) + Fidelity Brokerage + Fidelity Crypto | US #2 post-2020 TD Ameritrade $26B acquisition + thinkorswim platform | Global professional broker + 170+ markets + 4,368,000 trades/day (DARTs) + $1,480M 2Q2025 adjusted net revenues | US commission-free + Chinese fintech US brokerage + 25.9M registered users Q3 2025 |
| Country | US + GB + AU | US | US + GB + HK + SG + AU | US + 170+ markets | US + JP + KR + UK + AU + 14+ markets |
| Distinctive | 2013 founding by Vlad Tenev + Baiju Bhatt; Mar 2015 mobile app launch (US commission-free retail brokerage pioneer); 2018 Robinhood Crypto launch; Jan 2021 GameStop short squeeze controversy; Jul 29 2021 NASDAQ IPO; 2024 Bitstamp $200M acquisition + UK + EU expansion | 1946 founding by Edward C. Johnson II; Johnson family-owned private | 1971 founding by Charles Schwab; 1975 commission-free trade pioneer | 1978 founding by Thomas Peterffy; world's largest electronic broker by DARTs | 2017 founding by Wang Anquan; Apr 11 2025 NASDAQ SPAC listing via SK Growth Opportunities Corporation merger |
Status
Active, most-used US stock trading app + retail brokerage commission-free pioneer [1, 2, 3]:
- Robinhood Markets Inc. (NASDAQ: HOOD) since 2013 founding by Vlad Tenev + Baiju Bhatt.
- Mar 2015 mobile app launch + 2018 crypto launch + Jul 29 2021 NASDAQ IPO + 2024 Bitstamp $200M acquisition + 2024 UK + EU expansion.
- 10.8M Robinhood app users (2026).
- SEC + FINRA + state-level + NYDFS regulated.
Sources
- 1 Robinhood Revenue and Usage Statistics — Business of Apps
- 2 Robinhood Statistics — Investing in the Web
- 3 Robinhood users and ARPU — Statista
- us-cro In-corpus:
reports/countries/US-united-states.md
Source
Biography extracted from robinhood.md. See matrix.md for standards-support matrix if present.